Graves' disease is an autoimmune thyroid disorder. It is hyperthyroidism's most common cause, and is also frequently characterized by goiter and bulging of the eye (exophthalmos).
The name "Graves' disease" comes from the Irish doctor Robert James Graves. Historically, the condition has also been known as exophthalmic goiter. Basedow's disease and Graves-Basedow disease are other common modern names for the condition, particularly in certain areas of Europe.
Symptoms
Graves' disease has numerous possible symptoms. To see a list of common symptoms, visit the Graves' disease symptoms page.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of Graves' disease is made by a doctor or medical professional. Clinical signs of Graves' disease include:
Exophthalmos (bulging of the eye[s])
Hyperthyroidism symptoms
Muscle weakness
Pretibial myxedema along with skin thickening
Tachycardia (rapid heart beat)
Pretibial myxedema and exophthalmos are actually diagnostic of Graves' disease. Certain tests may also be performed, including: blood tests (to check for elevated T3 and T4), x-ray, ultrasound, biopsy, goiter check, and others.
Treatment
Treatment for Graves' disease may depend on the patient and the specific conditions involved. Common treatment options include:
Antithyroid medications
Radioiodine
Thyroidectomy
Untreated Graves' disease may lead to complications, including higher risk of miscarriage, birth defects in pregnancy, and potential death in extreme cases.
