Anaplastic thyroid cancer is an aggressive thyroid cancer which is often resistant against treatment. The cancer invades nearby tissues, like the trachea, and has a poor prognosis, with a roughly 14% ten-year survival rate.

As anaplastic thyroid cancer does not often respond well to treatment, and it invades other tissues, surgery and many other treatment methods are not often effective. Treatment for symptoms may include radiation therapy, normally with chemotherapy. Some new drugs are undergoing clinical trials for use against anaplastic thyroid cancer.

Other thyroid cancers include:

Follicular cancer

Lymphoma

Medullary cancer

Papillary cancer

Additionally, there are non-cancerous thyroid adenoma tumors.